Elevator electrical knowledge(1)

There are many types of electrical components for elevators. Let's take a look at the basics of the various components of elevator electrical.
1 safety circuit
In order to ensure that the elevator can operate safely, many safety components are installed on the elevator. Only when each safety component is under normal conditions can the elevator run, otherwise the elevator will stop running immediately.
The so-called safety circuit is to install a safety switch in each safety part of the elevator, connect all the safety switches in series, and control a safety relay. Only when all safety switches are switched on, the safety relays can be energized and the elevator can be operated electrically.
classification
Computer room: control panel emergency stop switch, phase sequence relay, thermal relay, speed limiter switch
Well: upper limit switch, lower limit switch (some elevators put these two switches in the safety circuit, and some use these two switches to directly control the power supply)
Pit: Broken rope protection switch, pit repair box emergency stop switch, buffer switch
Inside the car: control box emergency stop switch
Car top: safety window switch, safety clamp switch, car top inspection box emergency stop switch
2 door lock loop
In order to ensure that the elevator must be operated after all doors are closed, a door electrical interlock switch is installed on each hall door and car door. Only when all the door electrical interlock switches are fully connected, the door lock relay of the control panel can be closed and the elevator can operate.
3 safety touch panel
In order to prevent the elevator door from pinching the passenger during the closing process, a safety touch panel (or photoelectric or light curtain) is generally mounted on the elevator car door.
Safety touch panel: It is a mechanical anti-pinch device. When the elevator touches the door, when the person touches the safety touch panel, the safety touch panel is inwardly retracted, driving a lower micro switch, the safety touch panel switch action, and controlling The door turns in the direction of opening the door.
Photoelectric: Some elevators are equipped with door optoelectronics (at least two points are required), one side is the transmitting end and the other side is the receiving end. When the elevator door is closed, if an object blocks the light, the receiving end can not receive the light source of the transmitting end, and immediately drives the photoelectric relay to operate, and the photoelectric relay controls the door to open in the opposite direction.
Light curtain: The principle is the same as photoelectric, but there are many launch points and receiving points.
4 door closing limit switch
Some elevator doors are equipped with door force limit switches. When the door is closed due to a certain resistance during the closing process, the switch acts and the door rotates in the direction of opening the door.
Some inverter door machines do not have this switch, but they have similar functions. If there is a certain resistance when closing the door, if the calculation of the door machine current exceeds a certain value through the inverter, it cannot be closed, then it will open in the opposite direction.